Humans not only have animal ancestors, shared with modern primates, but, since prehistorical times, have also coexisted and evolved alongside several animal species to adapt to environment. Animals have followed their owners during migrations and the gradual living displacement from rural areas to cities. Animal breeding was soon flanked by domestication, to provide protection and help people in every day civil and military life, then company, and finally, to animal application to activities aimed at safeguarding human life and health, thus creating privileged bonds.

Vector-borne parasitic diseases (VBPD) threaten the well-being and health of people and animals across the globe. Because human and veterinary drugs are pivotal in controlling these infections, widespread use has unintentionally led to their release into the environment, with unpredictable detrimental effects on wildlife and ecosystems. To improve planetary safety and health, we recognise the urgent need for antiparasitic drugs that not only protect humans and animals but also safeguard our ecosystems.